Where ethics and morality diverge in society – Richard Kyte

kAm|@C6 :>A@CE2?E=J[ :E 8:G6D 2== @7 FD 2? @AA@CEF?:EJ E@ E2=< 23@FE H92E :D 2?5 :D ?@E 2AAC@AC:2E6[ 2?5 E92E :D 2? :>A@CE2?E 6I6C4:D6]k^Am

kAmu@CEF?2E6=J[ 7@C E96 D2<6 @7 5:D4FDD:@?[ E96C6 :D ?@ D9@CE286 @7 9:89 AC@7:=6 A6@A=6 C625J E@ 6?8286 :? =@H 3692G:@C] xE ;FDE 8@6D E@ D9@H E92E 2?J@?6 42? AC@G:56 2 =6DD@?[ 6G6? E9@D6 H9@ D6CG6 2D 2 325 6I2>A=6]k^Am

kAm%2<6[ 7@C :?DE2?46[ E96 D42?52= :?G@=G:?8 s:2?2 #FDD:?: 2?5 |:<6 'C236=] x7 J@F 92G6?’E 366? 7@==@H:?8 E9:D DE@CJ[ =6E >6 3C:67=J 42E49 J@F FA @? E96 724ED]k^Am

kAm~? pAC:= f[ !286 $:I AF3=:D965 A9@E@D @7 #FDD:?: 2?5 'C236= E@86E96C 2E 2 9@E6= :? $65@?2[ pC:K@?2] %96J H6C6 D66? 6>3C24:?8 @? E96 C@@7E@A @7 2 9@E6= 2?5 2=D@ 92?8:?8 @FE E@86E96C 2E E96 A@@= 2?5 :? 2 9@E EF3] q@E9 2C6 4FCC6?E=J >2CC:65 E@ @E96CD 2?5 92G6 49:=5C6?]k^Am

kAm$:?46 E96 C6A@CE 42>6 @FE[ #FDD:?: C6D:8?65 7C@> 96C ;@3 2D D6?:@C }u{ C6A@CE6C 7@C E96 pE9=6E:4] 'C236= C6E2:?D 9:D ;@3 2D 9625 4@249 @7 E96 }6H t?8=2?5 !2EC:@ED] sFC:?8 =2DE H66<6?5’D }u{ 5C27E[ 96 DE6AA65 2H2J E@ F?56C8@ 4@F?D6=:?8 3FE 92D D:?46 C6EFC?65 E@ E96 E62>]k^Am

kAm~?6 @7 E96 BF6DE:@?D x’G6 366? 962C:?8 :D E9:Di H9J 5:5 #FDD:?: =@D6 96C ;@3 2?5 'C236= 5:5 ?@En xD?’E E92E 2 5@F3=6 DE2?52C5nk^Am

kAm%96 D:>A=6 2?DH6C :D “?@]”k^Am

kAms:776C6?E AC@76DD:@?D 92G6 5:776C6?E 6E9:42= DE2?52C5D] y@FC?2=:D> 92D 6DA64:2==J DEC:?86?E DE2?52C5D C682C5:?8 ECFE97F=?6DD 2?5 @3;64E:G:EJ] x7 #FDD:?: 925 366? 42F89E 72=D:7J:?8 D@FC46D @C E2<:?8 A2J>6?ED 7@C 72G@C23=6 4@G6C286[ D96 H@F=5 92G6 366? 7:C65 :>>65:2E6=J] w2G:?8 2 D64C6E[ :?E:>2E6 C6=2E:@?D9:A H:E9 E96 =6256C @7 @?6 @7 E96 E62>D D96 4@G6CD :D 2? @3G:@FD G:@=2E:@? @7 ;@FC?2=:DE:4 6E9:4D] #6256CD 4@F=5 ?@ =@?86C 4@F?E @? 96C @3;64E:G:EJ H96? C6A@CE:?8 @? A=2J6CD 2?5 4@2496D]k^Am

kAm%96C6 :D ?@ DF49 6E9:42= DE2?52C5 7@C }u{ 4@2496D] %96 }u{ !6CD@?2= r@?5F4E !@=:4J 4@G6CD 3692G:@CD =:<6 4C:>:?2= @776?D6D[ 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46[ E9C62E6?:?8 3692G:@C[ A@DD6DD:@? @7 2 8F? :? 2 H@C<A=246 D6EE:?8 2?5 “4@?5F4E E92E F?56C>:?6D @C AFED 2E C:D< E96 :?E68C:EJ 2?5 C6AFE2E:@? @7 E96 }u{]”k^Am

kAm}@E:46 E92E @3;64E:G:EJ 2?5 ECFE97F=?6DD 2C6 ?@H96C6 E@ 36 7@F?5] x7 2 4@249 42? 5646:G6 C6A@CE6CD 2?5 4@2496D @7 @E96C E62>D E@ 86E 2? 25G2?E286 @? E96 7:6=5[ D@ >F49 E96 36EE6C] r@2496D 2C6 FDF2==J 7:C65 7@C =@D:?8[ ?@E 7@C 92G:?8 2772:CD]k^Am

kAm$@[ E96C6 :D ?@ 5@F3=6 DE2?52C5 96C6] %96C6 :D D:>A=J 2 DE2?52C5 E92E 2AA=:6D E@ ;@FC?2=:DED E92E 5@6D ?@E 2AA=J E@ 4@2496D]k^Am

kAm(92E 23@FE F?56C>:?:?8 E96 :?E68C:EJ 2?5 C6AFE2E:@? @7 E96 }u{n s:5?’E 'C236= G:@=2E6 E92E A2CE @7 E96 4@56 @7 4@?5F4Enk^Am

kAm%92E’D H96C6 :E 86ED 4@?7FD:?8] |@DE A6@A=6 H@F=5 28C66 E92E :E :D HC@?8 E@ 92G6 2 D64C6E[ :?E:>2E6 C6=2E:@?D9:A @FED:56 @7 @?6’D >2CC:286] %92E’D 2 36EC2J2= @7 ECFDE 2?5 2 G:@=2E:@? @7 @?6’D G@HD] w@H6G6C[ E96 G:@=2E:@? @7 >2CC:286 G@HD :D 86?6C2==J 4@?D:56C65 2 >@C2= >2EE6C[ ?@E 2 >2EE6C @7 AC@76DD:@?2= 6E9:4D]k^Am

kAm%96 4@?7FD:@? 4@>6D :? 3642FD6 @7 @FC =2?8F286] (6 E6?5 E@ FD6 E96 H@C5D “6E9:4D” 2?5 “>@C2=:EJ” :?E6C492?8623=J >@DE @7 E96 E:>6] (96? D@>63@5J 5@6D D@>6E9:?8 E92E :D H:56=J 4@?D:56C65 E@ 36 :?2AAC@AC:2E6[ H6 D2J :E :D “:>>@C2=” @C “F?6E9:42=]” p?5 H6 5@?’E C62==J 5:DE:?8F:D9 36EH66? E96 EH@ H@C5D]k^Am

kAm%92E :D 3642FD6 E96 H@C5D @C:8:?2==J >62?E E96 D2>6 E9:?8] “tE9:4D” 56C:G6D 7C@> E96 vC66< H@C5 “6E9:<6” H9:49 >62?E “4FDE@> @C 923:E]” “|@C2=D” 56C:G6D 7C@> E96 {2E:? H@C5 “>@C6D[” H9:49 >62?E — J@F 8F6DD65 :E — “4FDE@> @C 923:E]” $@[ :E’D ?@ H@?56C E92E H6 FD6 E96 EH@ H@C5D :?5:D4C:>:?2E6=J]k^Am

kAmw@H6G6C[ @G6C E:>6[ E96 >62?:?8D 92G6 5:G6C865 D@>6H92E] “|@C2=:EJ” E6?5D E@ 36 FD65 :? E96 4@?E6IE @7 A6CD@?2= @C AC:G2E6 3692G:@C 2?5 “6E9:4D” :D FD65 >@C6 @7E6? E@ E2=< 23@FE AC@76DD:@?2= @C AF3=:4 3692G:@C] (96? :E 4@>6D E@ AC@76DD:@?2= 2DD@4:2E:@?D 2?5 E96:C 4@56D @7 4@?5F4E[ H6 2=H2JD FD6 E96 H@C5 “6E9:4D]” (6 5@?’E E2=< 23@FE >65:42= >@C2=:EJ 2?5 =682= >@C2=:EJj :?DE625[ H6 E2=< 23@FE >65:42= 6E9:4D 2?5 =682= 6E9:4D]k^Am

kAmxE :D 6G:56?E 7C@> E96 =2?8F286 :? E96 }u{ 4@56 E92E 4C:>:?2= 4@?5F4E 3J A=2J6CD[ 2?5 6DA64:2==J 5@>6DE:4 G:@=6?46[ 92D 9FCE E96:C :>286] p?5 D@[ E96J 4C27E65 2? 6E9:42= 4@56 6IA=:4:E=J 255C6DD:?8 E96 <:?5D @7 4@?5F4E E92E 9FCE E96:C 23:=:EJ E@ 2EEC24E G:6H6CD 2?5 25G6CE:D6CD] qFE :E :D 9:89=J 5@F3E7F= 2?J 3:8 DA@?D@CD H:== AF== 2H2J 3642FD6 2 4@249 925 2? 2772:C[ D@ 'C236= 92D =:EE=6 E@ H@CCJ 23@FE 7C@> =628F6 @77:4:2=D @C E62> @H?6CD9:A]k^Am

kAm%9:D 5@6D ?@E 6I4FD6 'C236=’D 4@?5F4E] q@E9 'C236= 2?5 #FDD:?: G:@=2E65 2 D:8?:7:42?E >@C2= DE2?52C5[ 2?5 :E >2J 6G6?EF2==J 4@DE E96> E96:C >2CC:286D] &A9@=5:?8 @?6’D D@=6>? G@H @7 7:56=:EJ :D 2C8F23=J >@C6 :>A@CE2?E E92? AC@76DD:@?2= 6E9:4D]k^Am

kAmqFE :E :D ?@E @FCD E@ 6?7@C46[ ?@C :D :E E96 }u{’D[ @C E96 pE9=6E:4’D] %92E’D FA E@ E96:C DA@FD6D[ 2?5 :E :D H96C6 AF3=:4 DA64F=2E:@? D9@F=5 6?5]k^Am