Nina Metz, Chicago Tribune
CHICAGO -- In his new non-fiction book “Fire and Clay: How Bricks Reveal the Hidden History of Chicago,” Will Quam writes that brick in Chicago is “such a ubiquitous material that it is quite easily forgotten or ignored, simple background noise to everything else.” And yet, ever since the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, brick has been a key driver in shaping the city’s look.
kAm“%96 ?6H r9:428@ :D 36:?8 3F:=E >@DE=J @7 :ED6=7[” :D 9@H E96 %C:3F?6 AFE :E :? E96 J62CD :>>65:2E6=J 27E6C E96 7:C6] “%96 D<J=:?6 E92E C:D6D 23@G6 |:49:82? pG6?F6 :D D:>A=J 2 A=62D:?8=J >@5:7:65 7@C> @7 4=2J =:<6 E92E 56A@D:E65 :? E96 =2?5 2 76H 9F?5C65 766E E@ E96 62DE]”k^Am
kAmu@C E96 A2DE 564256[ 3C:4< 92D 366? 2? @3D6DD:@? 7@C "F2>] p? 2C49:E64EFC6 A9@E@8C2A96C[ HC:E6C 2?5 C6D62C496C[ 96 2=D@ 8:G6D E@FCD E9C@F89 `a ?6:893@C9@@5D 24C@DD E96 4:EJ 7@4FD65 @? 3C:4<] “xE’D D@ @>?:AC6D6?E :? @FC =:G6D E92E J@FC 6J6 ;FDE D=:56D C:89E @77 @7 :E] qFE H96? J@F 24EF2==J DE2CE E@ 5:G6 :? 2?5 D66 E96 :?7=F6?46D @7 56D:8? 2?5 2C49:E64EFC6 2?5 =23@C 2?5 >2?F724EFC:?8 3F:=E :?E@ E96 3F:=5:?8] *@F 42? C62==J D66 E96 9:DE@CJ ;FDE E9C@F89 E96 3C:4<]”k^Am
People are also reading…
- White Point partners with Liles family to recapitalize Gibson Mill in Concord
- Cabarrus landfill worker honored for saving $1 million piece of equipment
- Friday Five: Burrage Road construction, historical program, a rant and fun
- Concord Police Department welcomes 11 new officers
- Pardoned Jan. 6 rioter who opened Asheville business faces backlash
- Atrium Health to open new emergency department in Speedway area
- Commissioners Notebook: Budget proposal unveiled this week, public hearing June 1
- A New Home: Cabarrus Sports Hall of Fame display unveiled at arena
- Coca-Cola 600 Week is here - Drivers reflect on powerful pre-race ceremony
- NBA Hall of Famer coming to Collectors Jam in Concord
- Graduation week cranks up in earnest this week in Cabarrus County
- Proposed Cabarrus County budget holds rate at 57.6 cents, increases spending by 3 percent
- CLASS OF 2026: Rowan-Cabarrus awards more than 2,000 degrees, diplomas and certificates
- NASCAR All-Star Weekend: Roaring into Dover’s Monster Mile for $1 million showdown
- Cabarrus Calendar
kAm}@E 6G6CJ@?6 28C66D] “x 5:5 4@?E24E 2 A=2:?D 2C49:E64EFC6 9:DE@C:2? :? E96 r9:428@ C68:@? 2?5 96 HC@E6 324< D2J:?8 96 5:5 ?@E E9:?< :E H2D 2? :?E6C6DE:?8 E@A:4 @C 2 FD67F= H2J E@ =@@< 2E r9:428@]”k^Am
kAm(6==[ 9:D =@DD]k^Am
kAmtG6? H:E9 ?6H 4@?DECF4E:@?[ “E96J’C6 DE:== AFEE:?8 3C:4< @? :E[” "F2> D2:5]k^Am
kAmxC@?:42==J[ E96 9@>6 "F2> @H?D :D … >256 7C@> H@@5]k^Am
kAm(6 E2=<65 23@FE E96 H2JD :? H9:49 3C:4<D E6== FD 23@FE r9:428@’D 9:DE@CJ] %96 7@==@H:?8 4@?G6CD2E:@? 92D 366? 65:E65 7@C 4=2C:EJ 2?5 =6?8E9]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m w@H 5:5 J@FC :?E6C6DE :? 3C:4< 368:?nk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m %96 7:CDE :?DA:C2E:@? H2D H96? x C625 2 C62==J H@?56C7F= 3@@< 42==65 “~? {@@<:?8” 3J p=6I2?5C2 w@C@H:EK[ H96C6 D96 E2<6D E96D6 H2=<D 2C@F?5 }6H *@C< r:EJ H:E9 5:776C6?E 6IA6CED :? E9:?8D 2?5 EC:6D E@ D66 E96 H@C=5 E9C@F89 E96:C 6J6D] xE’D 6G6CJ@?6 7C@> 2 3F8 D4:6?E:DE E@ 2 D:8? A2:?E6C] x ;FDE =@G65 :E[ 2?5 :E >256 >6 DE2CE E@ =@@< 4=@D6C 2E E9:?8D] p?5 3C:4< H2D E96 E9:?8 x DE2CE65 A2J:?8 2EE6?E:@? E@[ 3642FD6 J@F 42?’E 8@ 2?JH96C6 :? r9:428@ H:E9@FE ?@E:4:?8 :E]k^Am
kAmx DE2CE65 E2<:?8 A:4EFC6D 2?5 4C62E65 2? x?DE28C2> 244@F?E @7 3C:4<D E92E x =:<65[ 2?5 :E E@@< @77 7C@> E96C6] !6@A=6 H6C6 2D<:?8 BF6DE:@?D[ D@ x DE2CE65 C6D62C49:?8 2?5 72==:?8 5@H? E96 C233:E 9@=6] xE >256 7@C 2 >F49 >@C6 :?E6C6DE:?8 H2J E@ =:G6 2?5 36 :? E96 4:EJ — 2?5 E9:?< 23@FE E96 4:EJ]k^Am
kAm~?6 @7 >J 7C:6?5D[ H96? x DE2CE65 E96 x?DE28C2> 244@F?E[ :E E@@< 96C 23@FE 2 J62C E@ C62=:K6 x H2D D6C:@FD]k^Am
kAmx 8:G6 E96D6 E@FCD[ 2?5 2 =@E @7 A6@A=6 H9@ 4@>6 2C6 E96C6 3642FD6 E96J 92G6 2 7C:6?5 H9@’D =:<6[ “s:5 J@F 962C E92E E96C6’D 2 3C:4< E@FCn (92E 4@F=5 E92E A@DD:3=J 36n” x’> A:4<:?8 5:776C6?E ?6:893@C9@@5D E92E 2C6 C6AC6D6?E2E:G6 @7 5:776C6?E 6C2D @C 5:776C6?E DEJ=6D @7 3C:4< 2C49:E64EFC6] qFE E96? H92E 6=D6 42? H6 D66 :? E96 3F:=E 6?G:C@?>6?E E92E E6==D 2 DE@CJ 23@FE E9:D ?6:893@C9@@5nk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m pC6 E96C6 3C:4< 6IA6CED :? r9:428@n w@H H6C6 J@F A:64:?8 :E E@86E96Cnk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m (96? x DE2CE65 E2<:?8 :E D6C:@FD=J[ 2 8FJ ?2>65 qC6?E $49>:5E[ H9@ CF?D 2 3C:4<J2C5 :? r9:428@ 42==65 qC:4<D x?4][ C624965 @FE E@ >6 2?5 H2D =:<6[ “w6J[ H6 D9@F=5 <?@H 6249 @E96C]” (6’G6 364@>6 7C:6?5D[ 2?5 96’D D6?E >6 E@ 3C:4< >2?F724EFC6CD 2C@F?5 E96 4@F?ECJ[ H9:49 :D H96C6 x =62C?65 2 =@E @7 E96 E649?:42= DEF77]k^Am
kAm%96C6 2C6 ?@E 2 E@? @7 3@@<D HC:EE6? 23@FE 3C:4<] $@ E96C6 H2D 2 =@E @7 D62C49:?8 E9C@F89 ?6HDA2A6C 2C49:G6D] p?5 E96C6 H6C6 2=D@ E96D6 EC256 AF3=:42E:@?D E92E H6C6 DE2CE65 :? E96 `gh_D 7@C A6@A=6 :? E96 3C:4< :?5FDECJ] $@>6 H6C6 32D65 :? r9:428@[ 2?5 2 =@E @7 E96> HC@E6 23@FE r9:428@] p =@E @7 E92E :D 5:8:E:K65 @?=:?6] p7E6C `hag[ :E’D ?@E AF3=:4 5@>2:?[ D@ x 925 E@ 5C:G6 5@H? E@ E96 &?:G6CD:EJ @7 x==:?@:D &C32?2\r92>A2:8? 2 76H E:>6D[ H96C6 E96J 92G6 E96 7F== 3@F?5 4@>A:=2E:@?D @7 @?6 @7 E96 =2DE EC256 >282K:?6D]k^Am
kAmx? E96 62C=J a_E9 46?EFCJ[ H96? r9:428@ H2D E9:D E:E2? @7 3C:4< >2?F724EFC:?8[ D@ >2?J @7 E96 2CE:4=6D H6C6 23@FE E96 @FEAFE :? r9:428@[ @C 762EFC6D @? E96 >2?F724EFC6CD[ @C H92E H6C6 E96 ?6H >249:?6D E92E 925 ;FDE 366? 3C@F89E @?=:?6] $@ E9C@F89 E92E[ x H2D 23=6 E@ EC24< 2 =@E @7 E96 9:DE@CJ @7 E96 3C:4<>2<:?8 :?5FDECJ :? r9:428@]k^Am
kAmp?5 :? E6C>D @7 E96 =23@C[ E96C6 H2D 2 F?:@? AF3=:42E:@?[ H9:49 925 D@>6 :?7@C>2E:@?] qC:4< H2D E96? 36:?8 =2:5 :?E@ 3F:=5:?8D 3J E96D6 H2G6D @7 :>>:8C2?E >2D@?D 7C@> tFC@A6 H9@ 42>6 E@ r9:428@] p?5 J@F 925 E96D6 >2DD:G6 >2?F724EFC6CD 96C6 6>A=@J:?8 9F?5C65D @7 E9@FD2?5D @7 >6? 2?5 H@>6? — 2?5 49:=5C6?[ E@@ — >2<:?8 3C:4<D E92E H6C6 FD65 E@ 3F:=5 @FC 3F:=5:?8D]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m (6 <?@H E96 vC62E r9:428@ u:C6 H2D A:G@E2= 7@C 3C:4<[ 3FE J@F A@:?E @FE H9J E96 E:>:?8 H2D D@ :>A@CE2?E]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m ~E96C 4:E:6D 92G6 3FC?65 367@C6[ 3FE E96J H6C6?’E 23=6 E@ C63F:=5 H:E9 3C:4< 3642FD6 E96J 4@F=5?’E >2<6 6?@F89 3C:4<] r9:428@ 3FC?D 2E E96 E:>6 H96? E96 >249:?6CJ E@ AC@5F46 3C:4< :D A6C764E65] p?5 D@ r9:428@ 3C:4< >2?F724EFC6CD[ 7@C E96 7:CDE E:>6 6G6C[ 2C6 23=6 E@ AC@5F46 6?@F89 3C:4< E@ 7:== 56>2?5]k^Am
kAmx HC:E6 23@FE 9@H q@DE@? ;FDE <6AE 3FC?:?8[ 3642FD6 E96J <6AE C63F:=5:?8 @FE @7 H@@5 3642FD6 E92E’D H92E E96J 925j E96J 4@F=5?’E >2<6 6?@F89 3C:4<D] qFE r9:428@ 4@F=5 3642FD6 H6 925 E96 >249:?6D 2?5 E9:D :?6I92FDE:3=6 DFAA=J @7 4=2J C:89E F?56C7@@E]k^Am
kAmx7 E96 7:C6 925 92AA6?65 `_ J62CD 62C=:6Cn %96 4:EJ AC@323=J H@F=5 ?@E 92G6 366? 23=6 E@ 36 C63F:=E @FE @7 3C:4<]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m ~?6 @7 E96 E9:?8D J@F HC:E6 23@FE :D E96 5:DE:?4E:@? 36EH66? E96 3C:4< H6 D66[ 42==65 7246 3C:4<[ 2?5 E96 3C:4< E92E :D 369:?5 E96 “AC6EEJ” 3C:4<[ H9:49 :D 42==65 4@>>@? 3C:4<] r9:428@ H2D 2 3C:4< A@H6C9@FD6 7@C >2?F724EFC:?8 4@>>@? 3C:4<[ 3FE E96 4=2J 96C6 H2D?’E 4@?5F4:G6 E@ 7246 3C:4<]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m r@>>@? 3C:4< H2D >256 H:E9 ?@ 42C6 7@C H92E :E =@@<65 =:<6] qFE H:E9 E96 :?G6?E:@? @7 3C:4<\>2<:?8 >249:?6D[ ?@H DF556?=J J@F 4@F=5 >2<6 3C:4<D E92E H6C6 2 =:EE=6 >@C6 :?E6?E:@?2= 2?5 =@@<65 36EE6C] p?5 J@F 86E E96D6 6A:46?E6CD 24C@DD E96 4@F?ECJ H96C6 E96 4=2J H2D ;FDE 2 =:EE=6 3:E ?:46C] xE H2D >@C6 F?:7@C>[ :E H2D 2=C625J AC6EEJ 7:?6[ J@F 5:5?’E ?665 E@ 8C:?5 @C D:7E :E[ 2?5 :E 925 >:?6C2= BF2=:E:6D E92E >256 :E =@@< :?E6C6DE:?8] $@ :? !6??DJ=G2?:2 2?5 $E] {@F:D 2?5 |:=H2F<66 2?5 ~9:@ 6DA64:2==J[ E96J 4@F=5 >2<6 E96 3C:4< =@@< :?E6C6DE:?8[ =@@< ?:46[ 2?5 >@DE :>A@CE2?E=J[ 36 4@?D:DE6?E]k^Am
kAmp?5 H92E >256 r9:428@ D@ 5:776C6?E H2D E92E @FC 4=2J 4@F=5 >2<6 2 A6C764E=J 7:?6 3C:4<[ 3FE :E H2D ?6G6C 23=6 E@ 36 >256 :? 2 H2J H96C6 :E H@F=5 4@>6 @FE =@@<:?8 4@?D:DE6?E] %96 >:?6C2=D H6C6 D@ G2C:65 2?5 E96C6 H6C6 2== E96D6 DE@?6D 2?5 A633=6D 82E96C65 E9C@F89@FE E96 4=2J]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m (6C6 E96C6 3F:=56CD @C 2C49:E64ED H9@ =@@<65 2E E96 r9:428@ 4@>>@? 3C:4< 2?5 D2:5i x =:<6 E92E =24< @7 F?:7@C>:EJ[ E9:D :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 >J 26DE96E:4nk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m ~9[ J629P $E2CE:?8 :? E96 `ha_D[ E96C6 2C6 r9:428@ 2C49:E64ED H9@ C62==J E2<6 2 D9:?6 E@ :E 3642FD6 :E :D D@ G2C:65 2?5 H@?<J[ 2?5 E92E’D E96 6C2 H96? E96J’C6 3F:=5:?8 :? 2 =@E @7 C6G:G2= DEJ=6D — 8@E9:4[ EF5@C — 2?5 3F:=5:?8 ?6H 3F:=5:?8D[ 9@>6D 6DA64:2==J[ 2?5 ECJ:?8 E@ >2<6 E96> =@@< @=5 2?5 H62E96C65[ =:<6 E96J’G6 366? A=F4<65 @FE @7 E96 tFC@A62? 4@F?ECJD:56] $@ E96J H6C6 E2<:?8 25G2?E286 @7 E9:D 4962A[ >6DDJ\=@@<:?8 3C:4< E@ 3F:=5 >2?D:@?D :? E96 }@CE9 $9@C6 @C q6G6C=J @C $2F82?2D9 E92E 925 E9:D G6CJ CFDE:4 2AA62C2?46]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m (92E 2? :C@?Ji %96 9F>3=6 4@>>@? 3C:4< H2D FD65 E@ 3F:=5 6IA6?D:G6 9@>6D]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m wF?5C65 A6C46?E] %96 H@C<:?8\4=2DD A6@A=6 2C6 ?@E 3F:=5:?8 H:E9 E96 4962A 3C:4<j E96J H2?E E96 7246 3C:4< @? E96 3F?82=@H 3642FD6 :E =@@<D ?:46] %96 H62=E9J A6@A=6 H2?E E96 4962A DEF77 3642FD6 :E 6G@<6D 2 H62E96C65 =@@<[ =:<6 :E’D 366? E96C6 7@C 46?EFC:6D]k^Am
kAmp?5 :? E96 s6AC6DD:@?[ 2 ?6H 86?6C2E:@? @7 >@56C? 2C49:E64ED 2C6 C62==J 5C2H? E@ E96 4@>>@? 3C:4< 3642FD6 :E :D 4962A 2?5 :E’D 9@?6DE[ :E’D C62=[ :E’D ECF6[ H9:49 8@6D H:E9 E9:D uC2?< {=@J5 (C:89E :562 @7i {6E 2 >2E6C:2= =@@< =:<6 H92E :E :D]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m (6 =:G6 :? 2 >@>6?E H96C6 AC:46D 2C6 9:89 2?5 56G6=@A6CD 2C6 2=H2JD =@@<:?8 7@C 2 H2J E@ >2I:>:K6 AC@7:E] (9J 5@ H6 ?@E D66 >@C6 3F:=5:?8D 3F:=E H:E9 4@>>@? 3C:4< @? E96 @FED:56 C:89E ?@Hnk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m r@>>@? 3C:4< 92D ?@E 366? AC@5F465 D:?46 `hg`] %96 p>6C:42? qC:4< r@>A2?J[ H9:49 H2D AC@5F4:?8 :? s@=E@? 2?5 |F?DE6C[ x?5:2?2[ H2D E96 =2DE 4@>>@? 3C:4< >2?F724EFC6C :? E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D] xE H2D 2 EH@\AC@?865 6G6?E E92E =65 E@ E96 6?5 @7 E96 4@>>@? 3C:4<] %96 3:886DE H2D E92E 27E6C ((xx[ =23@C 3642>6 E96 >@DE 6IA6?D:G6 A2CE @7 2 3F:=5:?8] p?5 2 4@>>@? 3C:4< :D 2 D>2== F?:E — J@F ?665 E@ 3FJ 2 =@E @7 E96> E@ 7:== J@FC H2==[ 2?5 :E E2<6D J@FC =23@C6C 2 =@?8 E:>6 E@ =2J :E] $@ 4@?4C6E6 3=@4< DE2CE65 E@ E2<6 @G6C] xE’D 2 >F49 =2C86C F?:E 2?5 J@F 42? 3F:=5 2 H2== 72DE6C[ D@ :E D2G6D 2 =@E @7 >@?6J @? =23@C]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m $@ 46>6?E 3=@4< C6A=2465 3C:4<D 7@C E96 3@?6D @7 2 3F:=5:?8nk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m *6D[ 2?5 6G6? >@C6 D@ ?@H[ :E’D H@@5P u:C6\C6E2C52?E EC62E65 =F>36C]k^Am
kAm$@ 2D E92E 492?86 H2D 92AA6?:?8[ 3C:4< 4@>A2?:6D DE2CE65 E@ 4=@D6 5@H?]k^Am
kAmqFE E96 @E96C 3:8 724E@C H2D 6?G:C@?>6?E2=] x? `hf_[ E96 t!p H2D 7@C>65[ 2?5 2E E92E A@:?E[ E96C6 H6C6 EH@ 4@>>@? 3C:4< >2?F724EFC6CD =67E :? E96 2C62[ 2?5 E96J H6C6 D@>6 @7 E96 >@DE A@==FE:?8 3C:4< >2<6CD :? E96 6?E:C6 4@F?ECJ] %96J H6C6 E@=5 3J E96 7656C2= 2?5 x==:?@:D t!p E92E E96J 925 E@ 4=62? FA @C D9FE 5@H?[ 2?5 E96C6 H2D ;FDE ?@ H2J E96J 4@F=5 5@ E92E 7:?2?4:2==J 2?5 >2<6 2 AC@7:E]k^Am
kAm%96 H2J r9:428@ >2?F724EFC6CD >256 4@>>@? 3C:4< H2D H:E9 D4@G6 <:=?D[ H96C6 J@F E2<6 2== J@FC F?7:C65 3C:4<D[ DE24< E96> :? 2 3:8 A:=6 2?5 =:89E :E @? 7:C6 7C@> E96 :?D:56] xE’D ?@E 2? 6?4=@D65 <:=? @C @G6?[ D@ 2== E9@D6 6>:DD:@?D 2C6 8@:?8 C:89E :?E@ E96 2:C] x HC:E6 23@FE 9@H :? q=F6 xD=2?5[ C6D:56?ED H@F=5 7:?5 E92E E96:C ?@D6D 2?5 6J6D H@F=5 3FC? :7 E96J H6C6 4=@D6 E@ E96 A=2?E] %96 D>@<6 H@F=5 36 D@ E9:4< J@F 4@F=5?’E D66 E9C@F89 2? :?E6CD64E:@? @? E96 52JD E96J H6C6 3FC?:?8]k^Am
kAm%@52J[ E96 r9:428@ 4@>>@? 3C:4< :D @?6 @7 E96 >@DE D@F89E\27E6C 3C:4<D] (96? 2 3F:=5:?8 :? r9:428@ :D 56>@=:D965[ E96 4@>>@? 3C:4< :D D2G65 7@C E96 D2>6 C62D@?D E9@D6 2C49:E64ED 7C@> E96 `ha_D =@G65 :Ei :E >2<6D ?6H 3F:=5:?8D =@@< @=5] $@ E96C6’D 2? 6?@C>@FD :?5FDECJ E@52J @7 C64=2:>:?8 E96 r9:428@ 4@>>@? 3C:4< 7C@> 2 56>@=:D965 3F:=5:?8 2?5 C6D6==:?8 :E]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m *@F E2=< 23@FE D66:?8 46CE2:? <:?5D @7 3C:4<D :? @?6 ?6:893@C9@@5[ 2?5 E96? 7:?5:?8 E92E D2>6 <:?5 @7 3C:4< :? 2? 6?E:C6=J 5:776C6?E ?6:893@C9@@5 24C@DD E@H?[ 2?5 DA64:7:42==J 9@H 3C:4< 3:?5D r9:428@ :? H2JD E92E H6 5@?’E E9:?< 23@FE]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m %96 4@>>@? 3C:4< :D 6G6CJH96C6[ 3642FD6 :E H2D :? 6G6CJE9:?8 36:?8 3F:=E] qFE E96 7246 3C:4<[ E96 3C:4< E92E J@F D66[ E92E H2D E:65 E@ 72D9:@?] p?5 E92E 492?86D 564256 E@ 564256] $@ J@F 42? =@@< 2E 3F:=5:?8D 2?5 E6== H96? :E H2D 3F:=E 3J =@@<:?8 2E E96 7246 3C:4<] p?5 :E 2=D@ 4@??64ED E96 4:EJ @7 r9:428@ 2D :E 56G6=@AD @FEH2C5] $@ H96? {:?4@=? !2C< H2D 36:?8 56G6=@A65[ E96D6 =2C86[ 6IA6?D:G6 9@>6D 7@C E96 v6C>2? 6=:E6 H6C6 36:?8 3F:=E @FE @7 E9:D 362FE:7F= C65 3C:4<] qFE 2E E96 D2>6 E:>6[ :? !:=D6? @C :? qC:586A@CE @C !F==>2?[ E92E D2>6 3C:4< :D 36:?8 FD65 @? >F49 >@C6 9F>3=6 3F:=5:?8D H:E9@FE E96 D2>6 =6G6=D @7 564@C2E:@?[ 3FE E96 D2>6 3C:4<] q642FD6 E92E H2D E96 72D9:@? 2E E92E E:>6i %9:D D>@@E9[ C65 3C:4< E92E E96J 42==65 E96 A6C764E 3C:4<[ 3642FD6 :E H2D G6CJ F?:7@C>] %9:D :D E96 `gg_D 2?5 `gh_D]k^Am
kAmp?5 E92E 7=:AA65[ 2?5 3J E96 `ha_D[ A6@A=6 H2?E65 3C:4< E92E’D >F49 >@C6 E6IEFC2= 2?5 4@=@C7F= 2?5 G:DF2==J :?E6C6DE:?8] p?5 2E E92E E:>6[ E96 4:EJ :D 56G6=@A:?8 2E E96 6586D] $@ #@86CD !2C< 2?5 $@FE9 $9@C6 2?5 (6DE v2C7:6=5 !2C<[ D@ J@F’C6 D66:?8 E92E 3C:4< :? E96D6 >@C6 @FE=J:?8 2C62D] p?5 E96? :? E96 >:5\46?EFCJ A6C:@5[ J@F’C6 86EE:?8 D>@@E9 3FE 4@=@C7F= 3C:4<D E92E 2C6 =2:5 :? 3=@4< A2EE6C?D E92E 2C6 2=>@DE |@?5C:2? :? DEJ=6] p?5 J@F D66 E92E :? 2C62D =:<6 (6DE #:586 2?5 q6G6C=J]k^Am
kAm$@ G6CJ 5:776C6?E A2CED @7 E96 4:EJ E92E 2C6 F?:7:65 3J E9:D >2E6C:2= 32D65 @? E96 6C2 E96J H6C6 3F:=E :? 2?5 H92E E96 56D:8? DEJ=6D H6C6 2E E92E E:>6]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m $@ >2?J ?6H 3F:=5D C:89E ?@H 2C6 G6CJ 86?6C:4 2?5 3@IJ[ H:E9 2=>@DE ?@ 564@C2E:G6 762EFC6D[ 3FE >2?J 2C6 DE:== 3C:4<] xE’D @?6 D>2== 4@?D@=2E:@?[ x 8F6DD]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m %96 3C:4< =2J6CD C62==J =@G6 E@ 5@ >@C6 :?E6C6DE:?8 E9:?8D[ 2?5 E96J <?@H 9@H E@ 5@ :E] p?5 E96J H2?E E@ 5@ :E] xE’D ;FDE — D@>63@5J 92D E@ A2J 7@C :E[ 3642FD6 :E E2<6D 2 =:EE=6 >@C6 E:>6] x AFD9 324< H96? x 86E 4@>>6?ED =:<6[ “(6 5@?’E >2<6 ‘6> =:<6 H6 FD65 E@[” @C[ “}@3@5J <?@HD 9@H E@ 5@ E9:D <:?5 @7 H@C< 2?J>@C6]” !6@A=6 DE:== <?@H 9@H E@ 5@ :E[ 2?5 E96J H2?E E@ 5@ :E[ 3FE 56G6=@A6CD @C 9@>6@H?6CD 2C6 ?@E 2D H:==:?8 E@ A2J 7@C :E] ~C[ J@F 86E 56G6=@A6CD @C 2C49:E64ED E96>D6=G6D H9@ 364@>6 4@?G:?465 E92E E9:D D<:== 5@6D?’E 6I:DE 2?J>@C6[ D@ E96J 5@?’E 56D:8? 7@C :E] qFE E96C6 2C6 C62==J 8C62E 6I2>A=6D :? E96 3@@<[ 7C@> E96 =2DE a_ J62CD[ E92E 5@ 5@ E9:D] %96 3C:4< =2J6CD H2?E E@ 5@ :E]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m"ik^DEC@?8m xD E96C6 2 “3C:4<\6DE” ?6:893@C9@@5nk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mpik^DEC@?8m W{2F89DX #@86CD !2C< :D >2J36 >J 72G@C:E6 6C2 @7 3C:4< 2C49:E64EFC6 H:E9 :ED E2A6DECJ\DEJ=6 3C:4<] %92E A2CE @7 E96 4:EJ C62==J 6IA=@565 :? A@AF=2E:@? :? E96 `h\E66?D 2?5 J@F D66 2C49:E64ED EC62E:?8 3C:4< 2D 723C:4 2D E96J 3F:=5 E96:C 3F:=5:?8D] p?5 2=D@[ E96C6’D 2 =@E @7 C62==J DA64E24F=2C E6CC2 4@EE2]k^Am

